Mountain and Wilderness Medicine. Libro del alumno
SECTION I. PREVENTION
CHAPTER 1: TRAINING, INFORMATION, EQUIPMENT AND JUDGEMENT
1.1. INTRODUCTION
1.2. SUMMARY OF SOME PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES FOR THE MOUNTAINS
1.3.INFORMATION OF INTEREST
1.4. TECHNIQUES AND EQUIPMENT
1.5. WEATHER ON THE MOUNTAIN
CHAPTER 2: NUTRITION
2.1. WHY DO WE EAT?
2.2. HOW MUCH ENERGY DO WE NEED?
2.3. THE ESSENTIAL INGREDIENTS
2.4. THE BALANCED DIET
2.5. DIETARY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ATHLETES
2.6. RETENTION OF FOOD IN THE STOMACH
2.7. WATER PURIFICATION
CHAPTER 3: PHYSICAL PREPARATION
3.1. THE PHYSICAL FORM
3.2 PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND HEALTH
3.3. PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND IMPROVING ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE
3.4. SPORTS TRAINING
3.5. BASIC PHYSICAL QUALITIES
3.6. RISKS OF EXERCISE
SECTION II. ENVIRONMENT-RELATED PROBLEMS
CHAPTER 4: TEMPERATURE REGULATION
4.1. MECHANISMS OF HEAT LOSS
4.2. MECHANISMS OF ADAPTATION TO TEMPERATURE CHANGES
CHAPTER 5: HYPOTHERMIA
5.1. CONCEPT
5.2. EPIDEMIOLOGY
5.3. PHYSIOLOGY
5.4. CLINICAL
5.5. COMPLEMENTARY EXPLORATIONS
5.6. CLASSIFICATION
5.7. PREVENTION
5.8. TREATMENT
5.9. MOST FREQUENT COMPLICATIONS
5.10. PROGNOSIS
CHAPTER 6: FROSTBITE AND OTHER PATHOLOGIES CAUSED BY THE COLD
6.1. CONCEPT
6.2. EPIDEMIOLOGY
6.3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
6.4. CLINICAL AND CLASSIFICATION
6.5 PREVENTION
6.6. TREATMENT
6.7. EVOLUTION
6.8. OTHER PATHOLOGIES CAUSED BY THE COLD
CHAPTER 7: HEAT, DRYNESS AND HUMIDITY
7.1. HEAT
7.2. DRYNESS
7.3. HUMIDITY
CHAPTER 8: SOLAR RADIATION8.1. SUN AND THE SKIN
8.2. SUN AND THE EYES
CHAPTER 9: LIGHTNING, FOG AND WIND
9.1. LIGHTNING
9.2. FULGURATION
9.3. MIST
9.4. WIND
CHAPTER 10: ALTITUDE
10.1 PATHOLOGIES RELATED TO ALTITUDE
10.2. DIAGNOSIS
10.3. PREVENTION
10.4 TREATMENT
CHAPTER 11. ANIMAL BITES AND STINGS
11.1. MAMMAL BITES
11.2. ARTHROPODS BITES
11.3. SNAKE BITES
CHAPTER 12. POISONING BY PLANTS
12.1. ACONITUM NAPELLUS (BLUE), AND ACONITUM VULPARIA (YELLOW)
12.2. ATROPA BELLADONNA
12.3. BRYONIA DIOICA
12.4. COLCHICUM AUTUMNALE
12.5. CONIUM MACULATUM
12.6. CORIARIA MYRTIFOLIA
12.7 DAPHNE MEZEREUM
12.8 DATURA STRAMONIUM
12.9 HEDERA HELIX
12.10. LONICERA XYLOSTEUM
12.11 NERIUM OLEANDER
12.12. RICINUS COMMUNIS
12.13. URTICARIA URENS AND URTICA DIOICA
CHAPTER 13: MUSHROOM POISONING
13.1 INTRODUCTION
13.2.CLINICAL PRESENTATION
13.3 GENERAL MANAGEMENT
13.4. RECOMMENDATIONS TO PREVENT MUSHROOM POISONING
13.5. TECHNIQUES USED IN THE TREATMENT OF POISONING
SECTION III: PROBLEMS ARISING FROM ACCIDENTS
CHAPTER 14: CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION
14.1 THE CARDIORESPIRATORY SYSTEM
14.2. LIFE SUPPORT
CHAPTER 15: ACTION IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT
15.1. OVERVIEW
15.2. ACTION IN THE EVENT OF AN ACCIDENT
15.3. PROTOCOL FOR IMMEDIATE ATTENTION IN A MOUNTAIN ACCIDENT
15.4 SUMMARY
CHAPTER 16. IMMOBILISING AND MOVING THE VICTIM
16.1. MOVEMENT MECHANISMS
16.2. MOVING AND IMMOBILISATION EQUIPMENT
16.3. EVACUATION
CHAPTER 17: ANALGESIA AND SEDATION
17.1. TREATMENT OF PAIN
17.2. ANTIEMETICS
CHAPTER 18: HELICOPTER EVACUATION
18.1. SAFETY STANDARDS WHEN USING A HELICOPTER
18.2. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF HELICOPTER TRANSPORT
18.3. ACCELERATION AND DECELERATION
18.4. VIBRATIONS
18.5. NOISE
18.6. TEMPERATURE
18.7 OTHER FACTORS
18.8 PREPARATION OF THE PATIENT FOR TRANSPORT
18.9 HOIST RESCUE OPERATIONS
18.10 HEMS PROGRAMME ACCIDENT RATE
CHAPTER 19. HAEMORRHAGE, SHOCK AND SUSPENSION TRAUMA
19.1. HYPOVOLAEMIC SHOCK (HAEMORRHAGIC)
19.2. NEUROGENIC SHOCK
19.3. SUSPENSION TRAUMA
19.4. OTHER TYPES OF SHOCK
CHAPTER 20. CRANIOENCEPHALIC AND VERTEBRAL COLUMN TRAUMA20.1. THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
20.2. CRANIOENCEPHALIC TRAUMA
20.3. VERTEBRAL COLUMN TRAUMA
CHAPTER 21. THORACIC AND ABDOMINAL TRAUMA
21.1. THORACIC TRAUMA
21.2. ABDOMINAL TRAUMA
CHAPTER 22. MUSCULOSKELETAL LESIONS
22.1. THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
22.3. MUSCULOSKELETAL LESIONS: GENERAL
22.4. DRESSINGS AND IMMOBILISATIONS
22.5. THE MOST COMMON FRACTURES AND DISLOCATIONS OF EXTREMITIES IN THE MOUNTAINS
CHAPTER 23. SOFT TISSUE INJURY23.1. CONTUSIONS OR BRUISES
23.2. BLISTERS
23.3. SUBUNGUAL HEMATOMA
23.4. INGROWN TOENAILS
23.5. PUNCTURE WOUNDS WITH EMBEDDED OBJECT
23.6. ABRASIONS, LACERATIONS, AND WOUNDS THAT DO NOT REQUIRE SUTURING
23.7. TREATMENT OF WOUNDS THAT REQUIRE SUTURING
23.8. DRESSINGS AND BANDAGES
CAPÍTULO 24. BURNS AND SCALDING INJURIES24.1 BURNS
24.2. SMOKE INHALATION SYNDROME
24.3. CARBON MONOXIDE POISONING (CO)
24.4. DROWNING
CHAPTER 25: INJURIES IN CANYONING AND CAVING
25.1 EPIDEMIOLOGY
25.2 CANYON AND CAVE RESCUES
CHAPTER 26. AVALANCHES
26.1. TYPES OF AVALANCHES
26.2. FACTORS THAT FAVOUR TRIGGERING OF AVALANCHES
26.3. RISK ASSESSMENT. THE EUROPEAN AVALANCHE DANGER SCALE
26.4. SAFETY DEVICES
26.5. SAFETY TESTS
26.6. PREVENTION
26.7. RESCUE
26.8. IMMEDIATE TREATMENT OF THE VICTIM
26.9. PROGNOSIS OF PERSONS INJURED IN AN AVALANCHE
SECTION IV: ILLNESSES IN THE MOUNTAIN
CHAPTER 27. ILLNESSES IN THE MOUNTAIN
Mountain and wilderness medicine responds to the increasing need to provide health care for people far removed from health resources, often in a hostile environment. Recent changes in life style have boosted the interest in this discipline: diabetic hikers, cyclists with coronary stents… The book coordinated by Enric Subirats encapsulates elements of emergency medicine, internal medicine, family medicine, sports medicine, orthopaedic surgery and traumatology, public health and travel medicine, so offering a practical manual to all those healthcare professionals whose work takes place in the natural environment: medical and health care personnel of ski resorts, mountain rescue groups and health professionals that carry out their activity in rural areas.
Some parts of the book are also useful to mountain first aid professionals (ski patrol and members of rescue groups), mountain professionals who occasionally need to participate in rescue tasks (mountain hut keepers, mountain guides, mountain instructors, ski instructors or outdoor activity monitors), and even to climbers of any level interested in having a reference book to broaden their knowledge of first aid in the mountains.
The text has been revised by a diverse collective composed of doctors, nursing staff, rescue personnel, mountain professionals and mountaineers who have made extremely enriching modifications.
«For many years Dr. Enric Subirats has dedicated himself to mountain related training, research and medical assistance, and during this time he has written books related to different mountain activities and for different audiences, both for healthcare personnel and for mountaineers in general.
This book that you are holding in your hands includes knowledge, from the most basic that any mountaineer should know, up to the deepest aspects of mountain medicine, but explained in a very complete and comprehensible way. It is the first book on wilderness medicine in which the foundations of evidence-based medicine have been used for its development, not the "eminence", which is so difficult to apply in mountain medicine.»